History HL
25
Chapters
384
Notes
Chapter 1 - China 1839-60 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 2 - The Opening Of China To Foreigners 1860-1901 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 3 - Defeat & Revolution 1901-25 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 4 - Nationalists & Communists 1924-45 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 5 - The Japanese Threat & Communist Takeover 1931-49 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 6 - China & The Wider World 1949-76 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 7 - Government, Economy & Society Under Mao After 1949 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 8 - The Cultural Revolution 1966 -76 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 9 - Deng Xiaoping
Chapter 10 - China & The Wider World 1978-97 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 11 - Concluding Survey (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 12 - Jews, Arabs & The British 1900-39 (Middle East)
Chapter 13 - The Birth Of Isreal 1939-49 (Middle East)
Chapter 14 - Arab-Israeli Wars In 1956, 1967, & 1973 (Middle East)
Chapter 15 - Nasser, Egypt & Arab Nationalism (Middle East)
Chapter 16 - The Palestinian Problem (Middle East)
Chapter 17 - The Challenges Of Peace-Making 1991-2008: Israelis & Palestinians (Middle East)
Chapter 18 - The Iran-Iraq War 1980-8 (Middle East)
Chapter 19 - Iraq & The West 1988-2008 (Middle East)
Chapter 20 - From Arab Nationalism To IsIamic Fundamentalism (Middle East)
Chapter 21 - Truman (Cold War 1945- 81)
Chapter 22 - The Korean War (Cold War 1945-81)
Chapter 23 - Eisenhower & Dulles (Cold war 1945 -81)
Chapter 25 - Kennedy To Carter (Cold War 1945-81)
Chapter 26 - Weimar Germany - 1918-1933 (European States)
History HL
Chapter 2 - The Opening Of China To Foreigners 1860-1901 (China 1839-1997)
Unveiling Imperial China's Military Evolution & Its Impact
340 words
2 mins read
Last edited on 5th Nov 2024
Table of content
Military Reforms: 🛡️
- China's military weakness was exposed since the Opium Wars.
- Major loss against Japan in 1895 highlighted this.
- Solution? Looked at Japan’s modernized military.
- Young Chinese cadets, like future Nationalist leader Jiang Jieshi, trained in Japan.
- Japan influence = major in China’s military training. E.g. Tokyo minister believed China's military would be "Japanized."
🛠️ Modernizing the Navy
- Purchased iron-clad warships.
- Docks for their own ships.
- Arsenals for marine cannons.
- Problem: Came too late for the Manchu regime.
Self-strengthening Movement: The Ups & Downs: 🧩
- Achievements
- 1890-5 = 3 mines, 3 iron works, 7 textile mills!
- Majorly in the northern & eastern coastal areas.
- Southern and inland areas? Not so much.
- 🚧 Limitations
- 🌍 Geographic Limit: Successes not widespread.
- 🧑🤝🧑 Tiny Proportion: Progressive leaders were few.
- 🏛️ Reform Limits: Manchu regime resistant to major changes.
- Real-world example: Imagine trying to upgrade a vintage car to an electric one, but only being allowed to change the tires. Not enough, right?
- 📜 Traditional Systems Dominate: Mandarin system persisted despite some reforms.
- 🏭 Industrial Expansion: Limited to few areas like Jiangsu, Guangdong.
- 🧐 Cultural Views: Many saw Western modernization as betrayal.
- 🧑💼 Managerial Gap: Too few trained young Chinese managers.
- 🌉 Infrastructure Issues: No holistic approach or integration.
Unlock the Full Content! 
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History HL
Chapter 2 - The Opening Of China To Foreigners 1860-1901 (China 1839-1997)
Unveiling Imperial China's Military Evolution & Its Impact
340 words
2 mins read
Last edited on 5th Nov 2024
Table of content
Military Reforms: 🛡️
- China's military weakness was exposed since the Opium Wars.
- Major loss against Japan in 1895 highlighted this.
- Solution? Looked at Japan’s modernized military.
- Young Chinese cadets, like future Nationalist leader Jiang Jieshi, trained in Japan.
- Japan influence = major in China’s military training. E.g. Tokyo minister believed China's military would be "Japanized."
🛠️ Modernizing the Navy
- Purchased iron-clad warships.
- Docks for their own ships.
- Arsenals for marine cannons.
- Problem: Came too late for the Manchu regime.
Self-strengthening Movement: The Ups & Downs: 🧩
- Achievements
- 1890-5 = 3 mines, 3 iron works, 7 textile mills!
- Majorly in the northern & eastern coastal areas.
- Southern and inland areas? Not so much.
- 🚧 Limitations
- 🌍 Geographic Limit: Successes not widespread.
- 🧑🤝🧑 Tiny Proportion: Progressive leaders were few.
- 🏛️ Reform Limits: Manchu regime resistant to major changes.
- Real-world example: Imagine trying to upgrade a vintage car to an electric one, but only being allowed to change the tires. Not enough, right?
- 📜 Traditional Systems Dominate: Mandarin system persisted despite some reforms.
- 🏭 Industrial Expansion: Limited to few areas like Jiangsu, Guangdong.
- 🧐 Cultural Views: Many saw Western modernization as betrayal.
- 🧑💼 Managerial Gap: Too few trained young Chinese managers.
- 🌉 Infrastructure Issues: No holistic approach or integration.
Unlock the Full Content!
Dive deeper and gain exclusive access to premium files of History HL. Subscribe now and get closer to that 45 🌟
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