M22-3-GEOGR-BP1-ENG-TZ0-XX

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Keycap Digit One

Paper 1

Question 1 - MaximumMarks - 10

This question refers to a diagram that illustrates the responsibility for collecting water in rural areas of certain countries where a significant percentage of households do not have access to piped water. The graph provides insights into who typically collects water in these regions, highlighting gender roles and responsibilities. The question is divided into parts that require you to interpret the data presented in the diagram and provide specific information based on the graph.

Question 1 - A - i

This part of the question asks you to identify the number of countries where more than 60% of rural households rely on water collected from outside the home. You will need to analyze the diagram to determine how many countries meet this criterion.

Question 1 - A - i - Answer

Upon examining the diagram, we observe that several countries have more than 60% of rural households depending on external water sources. By counting these countries, we find that there are 5 countries where this is the case.

Question 1 - A - i - Answer - EC

The candidate accurately identified the number of countries by carefully analyzing the diagram. This demonstrates a good understanding of interpreting graphical data and extracting relevant information. The response is concise and directly addresses the question, reflecting the expected level of detail for a 1-mark question.

Question 1 - A - ii

This part requires you to identify the country where men and women share equal responsibility for collecting water from outside the home. You will need to look for a balance in the graph where the responsibilities are equally divided between genders.

Question 1 - A - ii - Answer

By examining the diagram, we find that in Afghanistan, men and women have equal responsibility for collecting water from outside the home.

Question 1 - A - ii - Answer - EC

The candidate successfully identified Afghanistan as the country where men and women equally share the responsibility of water collection. This shows an ability to interpret the graph accurately and understand the distribution of responsibilities. The response is precise and meets the requirements of the question.

Question 1 - B

This question asks you to outline one environmental impact of increased human pressure on aquifers. Aquifers are underground layers of water-bearing rock, and human activities can significantly affect their condition.

Question 1 - B - Answer

One environmental impact of increased human pressure on aquifers is ground subsidence. This occurs when excessive water extraction leads to the compaction of aquifer materials, causing the ground above to sink. Over-abstraction of water from aquifers can also lead to other issues such as pollution from agricultural chemicals and the drying up of rivers and lakes due to a lowered water table.

Question 1 - B - Answer - EC

The candidate has effectively outlined ground subsidence as an environmental impact of increased pressure on aquifers. The explanation includes the cause and effect relationship, providing a clear understanding of the issue. The response also briefly mentions other potential impacts, demonstrating a comprehensive grasp of the topic. This answer is well-structured and aligns with the expectations for a 2-mark question.

Question 1 - C

This question requires you to explain two ways in which water can be managed to ensure a more sustainable future for local communities in countries with limited access to piped water. Consider strategies that can improve water availability and quality.

Question 1 - C - Answer

One way to manage water sustainably is by constructing pipes, sewers, and water filters. These infrastructures help separate sewage from drinking water, reducing the risk of waterborne diseases and ensuring safe water for future generations. Another method is the implementation of efficient irrigation systems. By using techniques such as drip irrigation, water is conserved and used more effectively, supporting agricultural productivity while minimizing waste.

Question 1 - C - Answer - EC

The candidate provides a clear explanation of two sustainable water management strategies. The response highlights the importance of infrastructure development and efficient irrigation, both of which are relevant and practical solutions. The explanation is detailed, demonstrating an understanding of how these methods contribute to sustainability. This response is well-articulated and meets the criteria for a 6-mark question, showing a thorough understanding of the topic.

Question 2 - MaximumMarks - 20

This question explores two important geographical topics: the use of a systems approach in the study of drainage basins and the resolution of conflicts between stakeholders in wetland management. Each part of the question requires an examination of complex interactions and the application of geographical concepts to real-world scenarios.

Question 2 - A

Geographers often employ a systems approach to study drainage basins because these basins function as open systems where various components such as inputs, stores, flows, and outputs are interconnected. This approach helps in understanding how changes in one part of the system can affect the entire basin. For instance, factors like geology, slope, and land use can influence how water is stored and moves through the basin, ultimately affecting river discharge. By examining these interrelationships, geographers can better predict and manage issues such as flooding or water shortages.

Question 2 - A - Answer

To understand why geographers use a systems approach in the study of drainage basins, we must first recognize that a drainage basin is an open system. This means it has inputs, such as precipitation, and outputs, like river discharge, with various processes and stores in between. The systems approach allows geographers to examine how these components interact and influence each other. For example, the geology of a drainage basin can affect how water is stored and flows through the system. Permeable rocks may allow for more underground storage and even discharge, while impermeable surfaces might lead to more surface runoff. Similarly, land use changes, such as urbanization or deforestation, can alter the flow and storage patterns within the basin. By using a systems approach, geographers can analyze these changes and their impacts on the overall system. Furthermore, the systems approach helps in understanding temporal and spatial variations in river discharge. Different drainage basins may respond differently to the same input, such as a rainstorm, due to their unique characteristics. This understanding is crucial for effective water management, flood prediction, and planning. In conclusion, the systems approach provides a comprehensive framework for studying drainage basins, enabling geographers to understand the complex interrelationships within the system and to anticipate potential issues such as flooding or water scarcity.

Question 2 - A - Answer - EC

The candidate has effectively utilized the systems approach to explain the interconnectedness of inputs, stores, flows, and outputs within a drainage basin. The response demonstrates a clear understanding of how various factors, such as geology and land use, influence these components. The explanation is well-structured, with a logical progression of ideas that highlights the importance of this approach in predicting and managing water-related issues. The candidate's ability to link theoretical concepts to practical applications reflects a strong grasp of geographical principles, making this an exemplary response.

Question 2 - B

This question requires an examination of the conflicts that arise between different stakeholders involved in wetland management and how these conflicts might be resolved. Wetlands are valuable ecosystems that provide numerous benefits, such as flood control, water purification, and biodiversity support. However, they are also subject to various pressures from stakeholders with competing interests, such as environmentalists, farmers, and government bodies. The challenge lies in balancing these interests to ensure sustainable management of wetlands.

Question 2 - B - Answer

Conflicts in wetland management often arise due to the diverse interests of stakeholders, each with their own priorities and objectives. Environmentalists may focus on preserving biodiversity and maintaining natural habitats, while farmers might prioritize land drainage for agriculture. Similarly, local governments may emphasize economic development and tourism, which can lead to increased pressure on wetland resources. To resolve these conflicts, it is essential to adopt a collaborative approach that involves all stakeholders in the decision-making process. This can be achieved through stakeholder meetings, workshops, and public consultations, where each party can voice their concerns and contribute to developing a shared vision for wetland management. One effective strategy is to implement integrated management plans that balance ecological, social, and economic objectives. These plans should be based on scientific research and data, ensuring that decisions are informed by the best available knowledge. Additionally, international frameworks, such as the Ramsar Convention, can provide guidance and support for sustainable wetland management. By fostering cooperation and communication among stakeholders, conflicts can be minimized, and a more sustainable future for wetlands can be achieved. This approach not only addresses the immediate concerns of each party but also ensures the long-term health and resilience of wetland ecosystems.

Question 2 - B - Answer - EC

The candidate has provided a comprehensive analysis of the conflicts between stakeholders in wetland management and proposed viable solutions for resolution. The response effectively highlights the importance of collaboration and communication in addressing competing interests. By suggesting integrated management plans and referencing international frameworks, the candidate demonstrates a thorough understanding of the complexities involved in wetland management. The answer is well-organized, with a clear focus on sustainable outcomes, making it an exemplary response that aligns with the expectations of the marking scheme.

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Standard Level

Geography SL

Mathematics AA SL

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Higher Level

Business Management HL

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Business Management SL

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Core

Theory of Knowledge

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Ab Initio

Spanish Ab Initio

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Biology SL

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Physics HL

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Chemistry HL

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Chemistry SL

Economics HL

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Economics SL

History HL

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History SL

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Geography HL

Mathematics AI HL

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Mathematics AI SL

Biology HL

Psychology SL

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Psychology HL

Design Technology SL

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Design Technology HL

Physics SL

Mathematics AA HL

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Environmental Systems & Societies SL

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Sports, Exercise & Health Science HL

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Sports, Exercise & Health Science SL

English B SL

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English B HL

English A Language & Literature HL

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English Literature SL

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English A Language & Literature SL

English Literature HL

Spanish B SL

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Question 3 - MaximumMarks - 10

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Question 5 - MaximumMarks - 10

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Question 7 - MaximumMarks - 10

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Question 9 - MaximumMarks - 10

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Question 10 - MaximumMarks - 20

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GEOGRAPHY SL, Paper 1, May, 2022, TZ0, Solved Past Paper